Ginkgo biloba is a tree from China that has been used for thousands of years. The extract from its leaves contains antioxidants and other substances that may be helpful for health. Ginkgo may help with inflammation and poor blood flow, and has been studied for its potential to reduce anxiety, stress, and cognitive decline.

Phosphatidylserine is a phospholipid nutrient, found in the cerebral cortex, which covers and protects brain cells and helps carry messages between them. The normal aging process causes brain cell membranes to become rigid, impairing brain cell communication, which results in memory recall issues. Studies show that supplementing with phosphatidylserine can improve memory function, especially delayed recall, in both middle-aged and older adults. It works by helping rejuvenate brain cell membranes and supporting the release of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter responsible for memory.

L-carnitine is an amino acid-like compound that is naturally produced in the body and also found in certain foods, including meat and dairy. It plays a critical role in energy production by transporting fatty acids to the mitochondria within your cells. This allows your body to convert fat into energy, which can improve exercise performance and help with weight loss.

St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum) is a supplement ingredient derived from the flowers and leaves of a flowering shrub native to Europe. The plant is so named because it often blooms on the birthday of John the Baptist, as described in the Bible. St. John's Wort contains active compounds, including hyperforin, which have been shown in several studies to provide therapeutic benefits in treating mild to moderate depression. In fact, some research suggests that the supplement may be as effective as certain prescription antidepressants. However, its efficacy in treating severe depression remains unclear.

Glutamine is essential for immune system function, digestive health, and muscle growth and repair. In addition, glutamine may also improve mental clarity and focus. Studies have shown that supplementing with glutamine can help reduce stress and anxiety, which can interfere with cognitive performance. Glutamine is also involved in the production of neurotransmitters, which are essential for communication between brain cells.

Bacopa monnieri is an herb used in Ayurvedic medicine and has cognitive enhancing effects due to its bacosides compound that improves brain function and reduces inflammation. Studies show that it also has benefits for anxiety, depression, memory, and ADHD symptoms. Taking Bacopa monnieri supplements for several weeks can improve cognitive function, reduce cortisol levels, and promote overall health due to its antioxidant properties.

Alpha-GPC can increase the production of acetylcholine, which is important for learning and memory, and dopamine levels, which can improve mood and motivation. It may also support athletic performance by reducing muscle damage and improving reaction time.

Huperzine A works by inhibiting an enzyme called acetylcholinesterase, which breaks down acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter important for learning and memory. By preventing the breakdown of acetylcholine, Huperzine A increases the amount of acetylcholine available in the brain, leading to improved cognitive function. In addition to its cognitive benefits, Huperzine A may also have neuroprotective effects and improve overall brain health.